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From : persianiranforever
Added: Sep 12, 2009
The Sassanid Empire (Persian: ساسانیان IPA: [sɒsɒnijɒn]) is the name of the last Persian Empire with Zoroastrian rulers, which reigned over Iran from 224-651. The Sassanid Empire was recognized as one of the two main powers in Western Asia and Europe (the other being the Byzantine Empire) for a period of more than 400 years.[1] The Sassanid dynasty was founded by Ardashir I after defeating the last Parthian (Arsacid) king, Artabanus IV Ardavan) and ended when the last Sassanid Shahanshah (King of Kings), Yazdegerd III (632651), lost a series of battles against the Arab Caliphate, the first of the Islamic empires. The Sassanid empire, which translates to Eranshahr ("The Iranian Empire") in Middle Persian[2][3], encompassed all of today's Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Armenia, the southern Caucasus (including southern Dagestan), southwestern Central Asia, parts of Turkey, parts of Syria, some coastal parts of the Arabian Peninsula, Persian Gulf area, and some parts of southwestern Pakistan. The Sassanid era, encompassing the length of the Late Antiquity period, is considered to be one of Iran's most important and influential historical periods. In many ways the Sassanid period witnessed the highest achievement of Persian civilization, and constituted the last great Iranian Empire before the Muslim conquest and adoption of Islam.[4] Persia influenced Roman civilization considerably during the Sassanids' times,[5] and both empires reserved for each other the status of equals, exemplified in the letters written by the rulers of the two states addressing each other as "brother."[6][7] Their cultural influence extended far beyond the empire's territorial borders, reaching as far as Africa,[8] China and India[9] and played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asiatic medieval art.[10] This influence carried forward to the early Islamic world with the Muslim conquest of Iran, especially the dynasty's unique, aristocratic culture.[11] Zarinkoob, a famous Iranian scholar even went to the extent of claiming that much of what later became known as Islamic culture, architecture, writing and other skills is borrowed mainly from the Sassanid Persians and propagated throughout the broader Muslim world
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